ngā purongo

He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te FRP i roto i te ao o te ātete ki te waikura. He roa tōna hītori i roto i ngā whenua kua whanakehia te ahumahi. Kua tino whanakehia te FRP ā-rohe ā-waikura mai i te tekau tau atu i 1950, inā koa i roto i ngā tau 20 kua pahure ake nei. Ko te whakaurunga o ngā taputapu hanga me ngā hangarau mō ngā rauemi mata me ngā hua FRP ātete ki te waikura, me ngā momo me ngā whakamahinga o ngā hua FRP ātete ki te waikura kei te whānui haere i roto i ngā momo mara o te ōhanga o te motu.

1. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te mara o te tiaki taiao

I te whanaketanga o te ahumahi, kua noho te raruraru o te parahanga taiao hei tetahi o ngā āwangawanga noa o te ao i ēnei rā. He maha ngā whenua kua whakangao i te nui o ngā tāngata me ngā rauemi hei whakapau kaha ki te rāngai ahumahi hou o te tiaki taiao.

Kua whānuitia te whakamahinga o te FRP i roto i te hangarau o ngā paipa wai me te pūnaha waikeri. I ngā tau tata nei, kua piki haere tonu te maha o ngā momo wai para me ngā momo waikura me te kaha o te waikura, ā, me whakamahi i ngā rauemi he ātete pai ake ki te waikura, ā, ko te kirihou whakakaha muka karāhe ātete-waikura te rauemi pai rawa atu hei whakatutuki i tēnei hiahia.

Ko te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi hiato i roto i te tiaki taiao ko te maimoatanga hau para ahumahi whānui, te maimoatanga wai-hinu, te maimoatanga parakaingaki me ngā matū paitini, te maimoatanga tahunga para, me te maimoatanga tango haunga parakaingaki o ngā tāone.

2. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te umanga kaiNā te ātete pai rawa atu o te kirihou kua whakapakarihia ki te muka karāhe, he ora, he ora hoki tēnei rauemi.  ngā āhuatanga kore-parahanga, ā, ka taea e ia te noho hei taonga tino ma, pērā i te penapena o  wai parakore teitei, rongoā, waina, miraka me ētahi atu rauemi whiriwhiri. Kei te Hononga o Amerika me Hapani  he wheketere motuhake mō tēnei momo hua, ā, kua kohia e rātou he nui ngā wheako ki te whakamahi i aua mea.  Kua kaha hoki ngā kaihanga o te whare ki te whai i ngā mahi a ēnei kamupene i ngā tau tata nei, ā, tera pea ka eke atu rātou.  3. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te mara o te umanga chlor-alkaliKo te umanga chlor-alkali tētahi o ngā mara tono tuatahi o te FRP hei rauemi ātete-waikura.  I tēnei wā, kua noho ko te FRP te rauemi matua o te umanga chlor-alkali. Mai anō i te tīmatanga o te tekau tau atu i 1950, kua  i whakamahia tuatahitia hei kohikohi i te wera (93°C), te hauota mākū, me ngā mea rauropi mai i ngā irahiko waituhi. Ko tēnei tono  i whakakapi i te kirihou phenolic asbestos i taua wā. Nō muri mai, i whakamahia te FRP hei whakakapi i te uhi o te raima  pūtau hikohiko, i whakatau i te raruraru o te pahuka raima waikura e taka ana ki roto i te pūtau hikohiko. Mai i te mea  Kātahi ka whakamahia haeretia te FRP i roto i ngā pūnaha paipa, te nekenekehanga pupuhi hau, ngā anga whakawhiti wera, te wai tote  ngā tāke, ngā papu, ngā puna kaukau, ngā papa, ngā panera pakitara, ngā papa whakarara, ngā kakau, ngā reera me ētahi atu hanganga whare. I taua wā anō,  Kua tīmata hoki te FRP ki te uru atu ki ngā momo mara o te umanga matū.

4. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te mara o te hanga pepa

Ka whakamahia te rakau hei rauemi mata mō te umanga pepa. Me whakamahi ngā waikawa, ngā tote, ngā matū whakama, me ētahi atu mea hei hanga pepa, ā, he kaha te pānga waikura ki ngā konganuku. Ko ngā rauemi kirihou kua whakapakarihia ki te muka karāhe anake ka taea te tu atu ki ngā taiao kino pērā i ngā paitini kino. Kua whakamahia te FRP i roto i te hanga penupenu i ētahi whenua. Hei whakaatu i tōna ātete pai ki te waikura.