ngā purongo

He maha ngā painga o te muka karāhe mākū, angiangi hoki, i muri i te whakakanapa maha, i roto rānei i ngā āhuatanga maha o tōna whakamahinga nui.
Hei tauira, ko te tātari hau, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha hauhautanga whānui, ngā tāwhana hau me ngā pūwero hau. Mā te rongoā matū i te mata muka, me te whakakotahitanga o te paru tino tika hei whakaoti i te whakaputanga, ka taea e ngā hua e whakaputaina ana te whai huatanga teitei, te ātete iti, te ātete takai, inā koa i te ātete iti, ka taea te eke te whai huatanga tātari ki te 60%-95%, ā, he mahi ātete wai tōna, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā wā haumākū teitei. Nō reira, he pai te mahi ātete makuku me te ātete wai o tēnei hua.
Hei tauira, ko te pepa parahi-whakakikoruatia, e whakamahia ana hei papa mō ngā pereti parahi-whakakikoruatia, he āhua ōrite, he pai ngā āhuatanga hiko me te wera, he ātete ki te whakarewa, ā, he pai te hototahi ki te kapia epoxy. Ka taea e te mahi a ngā pereti parahi-whakakikoruatia i hangaia ki te pepa muka karāhe te eke ki te taumata o ngā pereti muka karāhe, e tika ana mō ngā hua hiko ahumahi, inā koa ko te pepa muka karāhe he pai ake te tukatuka i muri mai, ā, he rongonui ake i te mākete.
Hei tauira, ko te pepa muka karāhe o te pākahiko he mea hanga mai i ngā muka karāhe tino pai, he 0.5 ki te 4 μm te whānui, kāore he here rauropi. He pai ake te mahi a te muka i ngā muka pākahiko noa i roto i ngā āhuatanga maha, pērā i te mimiti wai nui, te mimiti tere o te wai, te pai o te wai, te mimiti me te pupuri i te electrolyte e hiahiatia ana mō te kaha kua whakaritea o te pākahiko, me te pupuri i tōna tere mimiti wai teitei puta noa i tōna oranga.

Hei tauira, he nui te porosity o ngā whariki mata FRP, ngā whariki mākū muka karāhe, ā, ka taea te mimiti i te nui o te kapia, ina whakamahia hei mata o ngā hua FRP, ka taea te hanga i tētahi paparanga kapia kore-āputa, ātete matū, whai rawa, me te whakapai ake i te whakaotinga o ngā hua; te tiaki i te paparanga rauemi whakapakari ā-roto me te ārai i ngā muka ā-roto kei puta; me te ārai i te turuturu o te wai i roto i ngā paipa karāhe me ngā tāke ina pēhia.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka taea te whakamahi i te pepa angiangi mākū o te muka karāhe hei pepa GMT, hei papa mimiti, hei pepa mimiti oro me te ātete ahi, me ētahi atu. Ko te "Mahere Tau Rima 12" a Haina mō te whanaketanga o te umanga muka karāhe, inā koa, kia kaha te whakawhanake i ngā wāhi tono o ngā hua muka karāhe, me te whakawhānui tonu i te whānuitanga o te tono o te muka karāhe, inā koa i roto i te ātete ahi, te ātete wera, te whakapakari, me ētahi atu. Ko te whanaketanga o ngā momo hua hei whakahaere i te whakamahinga, mā te whakawhānui i te mākete tono, ka whakapai ake i te kounga o te umanga muka karāhe, ka whakawhānui i te whānui me te hōhonutanga o ngā wāhi tono, mō ngā umanga muka karāhe me ngā umanga o raro, me te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga me te tipu o te mekameka umanga muka karāhe, e whakarato ana i te whanaketanga o ngā momo pepa muka karāhe me te arotautanga kounga kua whakatairanga i ngā whakaritenga teitei ake. Nō reira, ko te tumanako ka nui ake ngā ahunga whanaketanga pai me ngā tirohanga mō te whanaketanga o ngā pepa angiangi mākū o te muka karāhe, ka noho tonu.