Ko ngā muka te mea nui rawa atu mō ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o ngā rauemi hiato. Ko te tikanga, ina honoa te kapia me ngā muka, he tino ōrite ō rāua āhuatanga ki ērā o ngā muka takitahi. E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga whakamātautau ko ngā rauemi whakakaha-muka ngā wāhanga e pikau ana i te nuinga o te kawenga. Nō reira, he mea nui te whiriwhiri papanga i te wā e hoahoa ana i ngā hanganga hiato.
Tīmatahia te tukanga mā te whakatau i te momo whakapakari e hiahiatia ana mō tō kaupapa. Ka taea e ngā kaihanga noa te whiriwhiri mai i ngā rauemi whakapakari e toru e whakamahia whānuitia ana: te muka karāhe, te muka waro me te Kevlar® (muka aramid). Ko ngā muka karāhe te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana, ko ngā muka waro ia he pakari teitei, ā, he ātete ki te pakū o te Kevlar®. Kia maumahara ka taea te whakakotahi i ngā momo papanga ki roto i ngā paparanga ranu hei hanga i ngā puranga ranu me ngā painga o ngā rauemi neke atu i te kotahi.
Kia oti i a koe te whiriwhiri i tētahi kohinga papanga, whiriwhiria he taumaha me te momo whatu e pai ana mō ō mahi. Ko te mama o te papanga, ko te māmā ake o te whakairi ki runga i ngā mata tino āhua. He iti ake hoki te kapia e whakamahia ana e te mama, nō reira he mama tonu te paparanga whānui. I te taumaha haere o ngā papanga, ka iti ake te ngāwari. He nui te ngāwari o te taumaha waenga hei taupoki i te nuinga o ngā āhua, ā, he nui te wāhi e whai wāhi atu ai ki te kaha o te wāhanga. He tino ohanga, ā, ka hangaia he wāhanga kaha, māmā hoki mō ngā mahi motuka, moana me ngā mahi ahumahi. He taumaha ngā whakakaha whiri e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te hanga kaipuke me te hanga pokepoke.
Ko te āhua o te whatu o te papanga e whakaarohia ana ko tōna tauira, ko tōna momo rānei. Kōwhiria mai i ngā momo whatu e toru e kitea whānuitia ana: te miro noa, te miro hātene me te miro twill. Ko ngā momo whatu noa te mea iti te utu, ā, he iti rawa te ngāwari, engari ka piri pai ina tapahia. Mā te whakawhiti pinepine o ngā miro ki runga, ki raro rānei, ka whakaiti i te kaha o te whatu noa, ahakoa he rawaka tonu mō ngā mahi katoa engari ko ngā mahi tino pai rawa atu.
He ngawari ake, he kaha ake hoki te raranga satin me te twill i te raranga mania. I roto i te raranga satin, ka rere tetahi miro whatu ki runga i ētahi atu miro whatu e toru ki te whitu, kātahi ka tuia ki raro i tētahi atu. I roto i tēnei momo raranga wetewete, ka roa ake te oma o te miro, me te pupuri tonu i te kaha ariā o te muka. Ka tukuna e te raranga twill he whakataurite i waenga i te momo satin me te momo mania, me te pānga whakapaipai herringbone e hiahiatia ana.
Tohutohu Hangarau: Hei tāpiri i te ngāwari ki te papanga, tapahia mai i te roera ki te koki 45-tohu. Mēnā ka tapahia pēnei, ahakoa ngā papanga taratara rawa ka pai ake te piri ki te āhua o te papanga.
Whakakaha muka karāhe
Ko te muka karāhe te tūāpapa o te umanga hiato. Kua whakamahia i roto i ngā mahi hiato maha mai i te tekau tau atu i 1950, ā, e mārama ana ōna āhuatanga ā-tinana. He mama te muka karāhe, he kaha kume me te kaha pēhi, ka taea te tu atu i ngā kino me ngā kawenga hurihuri, ā, he ngāwari ki te whakahaere.
Ko te muka karāhe te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana o ngā rauemi hiato katoa e wātea ana. Nā te iti o te utu me ōna āhuatanga ā-tinana ngāwari te take nui o tēnei. He pai te muka karāhe mō ngā kaupapa o ia rā me ngā wāhanga kāore e hiahiatia he nui o te muka, he kaha me te roa anō hoki.
Hei whakanui ake i te kaha o te muka karāhe, ka taea te whakamahi me te epoxy, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamaroke mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakapiri paerewa. He mea tino pai mō ngā mahi i roto i ngā ahumahi motuka, moana, hanga, matū me te rererangi, ā, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia i roto i ngā taonga hākinakina.
Whakakaha Kevlar®
Ko Kevlar® tētahi o ngā muka hangai kaha-teitei tuatahi i whakaaetia i roto i te umanga kirihou whakakaha-muka (FRP). He mama te Kevlar® karaehe hiato, he tino kaha te kume, ā, e kiia ana he tino ātete ki te pānga me te pakū. Ko ngā tono noa ko ngā anga māmā pēnei i ngā waka hoe me ngā waka, ngā panera tinana rererangi me ngā oko pēhanga, ngā karapu ātete-tapa, ngā pukupuku tinana, me ētahi atu. Ka whakamahia te Kevlar® me ngā kapia epoxy, vinyl ester rānei.
Whakakaha muka waro
Neke atu i te 90% o te muka waro kei roto, ā, koia te kaha kume mutunga teitei rawa atu i roto i te umanga FRP. Inaa hoki, koia te kaha pēhi me te kaha piko teitei rawa atu i roto i te umanga. I muri i te tukatuka, ka honoa ēnei muka hei hanga i ngā whakakaha muka waro pērā i ngā papanga, ngā tō, me ētahi atu. Ka whakaratohia e te whakakaha muka waro he kaha motuhake me te pakari teitei, ā, he nui ake te utu i ētahi atu whakakaha muka.
Hei whakanui ake i te kaha o te muka waro, me whakamahi tahi me te epoxy, ā, ka taea te whakamaroke mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakapiri paerewa. He mea tino pai mō ngā mahi motuka, moana me te rererangi, ā, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia i roto i ngā taonga hākinakina.
Te wā tuku: Hurae-19-2022
