ngā purongo

Pūmua Whakakahangia muka karāhe (GFRP)he rauemi mahi-teitei i hangaia mai i ngā muka karāhe hei ākena whakakaha me te kapia pūmua hei matihiko, mā te whakamahi i ngā tukanga motuhake. Ko tōna hanganga matua he mea tito mai i ngā muka karāhe (pērā iKarāhe-e, karāhe-S, karāhe-AR kaha-teitei rānei) me ngā diameter o te 5∼25μm me ngā matrices thermosetting pēnei i te kapia epoxy, te kapia polyester, te vinyl ester rānei, me te wāhanga rōrahi muka e eke ana ki te 30%∼70% [1-3]. He tino pai ngā āhuatanga o te GFRP pēnei i te kaha motuhake neke atu i te 500 MPa/(g/cm3) me te modulus motuhake neke atu i te 25 GPa/(g/cm3), me te whai āhuatanga anō hoki pēnei i te ātete ki te waikura, te ātete ki te ngenge, te tauwehenga iti o te whakawhānui wera [(7∼12)×10−6 °C−1], me te mārama hikohiko.

I roto i te ao rererangi, i tīmata te whakamahinga o te GFRP i ngā tau 1950, ā, kua waiho hei rauemi matua mō te whakaiti i te papatipu hanganga me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te wahie. Hei tauira, ko te Boeing 787 te tauira, ko te GFRP te 15% o ōna hanganga kawenga-kore-tuatahi, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā wāhanga pēnei i ngā matapihi me ngā parirau, ā, ka tutuki he whakahekenga taumaha o te 20%∼30% ki te whakataurite ki ngā koranu konumohe tuku iho. Whai muri i te whakakapinga o ngā kurupae papa o te kāpini o te Airbus A320 ki te GFRP, ka heke te papatipu o tētahi wāhanga kotahi mā te 40%, ā, ka tino pai ake tana mahi i roto i ngā taiao makuku. I roto i te rāngai hērakapeta, ka whakamahia e ngā panera o roto o te kāpini o te Sikorsky S-92 he hanganga hanawiti honikoma GFRP, ka tutuki he taurite i waenga i te ātete pānga me te ātete mura (e tutuki ana ki te paerewa FAR 25.853). Ki te whakatauritea ki te Waro Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), ka whakaitihia te utu rauemi mata o te GFRP mā te 50%∼70%, ka whakaratohia he painga ōhanga nui i roto i ngā wāhanga kawe kawenga ehara i te mea tuatahi. I tēnei wā, kei te hanga a GFRP i tētahi pūnaha tono rauemi piki me te muka waro, e whakatairanga ana i te whanaketanga auau o ngā taputapu rererangi ki te māmā, te roa o te ora, me te utu iti.

Mai i te tirohanga o ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana,GFRPHe painga nui anō hoki tōna mō te māmā, ngā āhuatanga wera, te ātete ki te waikura, me te mahi. Mō te māmā, ko te mātotoru o te muka karāhe kei waenganui i te 1.8∼2.1 g/cm3, he 1/4 noa iho tēnei o te maitai me te 2/3 o te koranu konumohe. I roto i ngā whakamātautau pakeketanga pāmahana teitei, neke atu i te 85% te tere pupuri kaha i muri i te 1,000 hāora i te 180 °C. I tua atu, ko te GFRP i rumakina ki roto i te otinga 3.5% NaCl mō te tau kotahi i whakaatu i te ngaronga kaha iti iho i te 5%, ko te maitai Q235 he 12% te ngaronga taumaha waikura. He tino kitea tōna ātete waikawa, me te tere huringa papatipu iti iho i te 0.3% me te tere whakawhānui rōrahi iti iho i te 0.15% i muri i te 30 rā i roto i te otinga 10% HCl. Ko ngā tauira GFRP i rongoatia ki te silane i pupuri i te tere pupuri kaha piko neke atu i te 90% i muri i te 3,000 hāora.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, nā te huinga ahurei o ngā āhuatanga, e whakamahia whānuitia ana te GFRP hei rauemi matua rererangi mahi-teitei i roto i te hoahoa me te hanga waka rererangi, ā, he mea nui tēnei i roto i te umanga rererangi hou me te whanaketanga hangarau.