Ko te superconductivity he āhuatanga ā-tinana e heke ai te ātete hiko o tētahi rauemi ki te kore i tētahi pāmahana tino nui. He whakamārama whai hua te ariā Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS), e whakaahua ana i te superconductivity i roto i te nuinga o ngā rauemi. E tohu ana ko ngā takirua irahiko Cooper ka hangaia i roto i te whatunga karaihe i tētahi pāmahana iti rawa, ā, ko te superconductivity BCS ka puta mai i tō rātou whakapūpū. Ahakoa he pai te graphene hei kaiārahi hiko, kāore e whakaatu i te superconductivity BCS nā te pehi i te taunekeneke irahiko-phonon. Koinei te take he "kino" te nuinga o ngā kaiārahi "pai" (pērā i te koura me te parahi) hei superconductors.
I kōrero ngā kairangahau i te Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems (PCS) i te Institute of Basic Science (IBS, South Korea) mō tētahi tikanga hou hei whakatutuki i te superconductivity i roto i te graphene. I tutuki i a rātou tēnei mahi mā te whakaaro i tētahi pūnaha ranu i titoa mai i te graphene me te Bose-Einstein condensate rua-ahu (BEC). I whakaputaina te rangahau ki te puka 2D Materials.
He pūnaha ranu kei roto ko te hau irahiko (paparanga o runga) i roto i te graphene, kua wehea mai i te kondensate Bose-Einstein rua-ahu, e tohuhia ana e ngā excitons ā-kore (paparanga kikorangi me te whero). Ka honoa ngā irahiko me ngā excitons i roto i te graphene e te kaha Coulomb.
(a) Te whakawhirinakitanga pāmahana o te āputa superconducting i roto i te tukanga bogolon-mediated me te whakatikatika pāmahana (rārangi pītiti) me te kore whakatikatika pāmahana (rārangi totoka). (b) Te pāmahana tino nui o te whakawhiti superconducting hei mahi a te mātotoru condensate mō ngā taunekeneke bogolon-mediated me te (rārangi pītiti whero) me te kore whakatikatika pāmahana (rārangi totoka pango). E whakaatu ana te rārangi iraira kikorangi i te pāmahana whakawhiti BKT hei mahi a te mātotoru condensate.
Haunga te kaha kawe hiko, ko te BEC tētahi atu āhuatanga e puta ana i ngā pāmahana iti. Koinei te tuarima o ngā āhua o te matū i matapaetia tuatahitia e Einstein i te tau 1924. Ka puta te hanganga o te BEC ina huihui ngā ngota iti-pūngao ka uru ki te āhua pūngao kotahi, he mara rangahau whānui tēnei i roto i te ahupūngao matū kua whakapotoa. Ko te pūnaha Bose-Fermi ranu e tohu ana i te taunekeneke o tētahi paparanga irahiko me tētahi paparanga boson, pērā i ngā excitons ā-kore, ngā exciton-polars, me ētahi atu. Nā te taunekeneke i waenga i ngā matūriki Bose me Fermi i hua ake ai he maha ngā āhuatanga hou me te whakamīharo, i whakaoho ake ai i te hiahia o ngā taha e rua. He tirohanga taketake me te tirohanga tono.
I roto i tēnei mahi, i kōrero ngā kairangahau mō tētahi tikanga hou mō te kawe hiko i roto i te graphene, nā te taunekeneke i waenga i ngā irahiko me ngā "bogolons" kaua ki ngā phonons i roto i tētahi pūnaha BCS noa. Ko ngā Bogolons, ko ngā Bogoliubov quasiparticles rānei, he whakaohooho i roto i te BEC, he āhuatanga motuhake o ngā matūriki. I roto i ētahi awhe tawhā, ka taea e tēnei tikanga te pāmahana matua o te kawe hiko i roto i te graphene kia eke ki te 70 Kelvin. Kua whakawhanakehia hoki e ngā kairangahau tētahi ariā BCS moroiti hou e aro nui ana ki ngā pūnaha e hangai ana ki te graphene ranu hou. Ko te tauira i whakaarohia e rātou e tohu ana ka taea e ngā āhuatanga kawe hiko te piki ake me te pāmahana, ka hua ake he whakawhirinakitanga pāmahana kore-monotonic o te āputa kawe hiko.
Hei tāpiritanga, kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau kei te tiakina te mararatanga Dirac o te graphene i roto i tēnei kaupapa e whakahaerehia ana e te bogolon. E tohu ana tēnei kei roto i tēnei tikanga superconducting ngā irahiko me te mararatanga relativistic, ā, kāore anō kia tino tūhuratia tēnei āhuatanga i roto i te ahupūngao matū whakakōpiri.
E whakaatu ana tēnei mahi i tētahi atu huarahi hei whakatutuki i te kaha kawe hiko pāmahana-tiketike. I taua wā anō, mā te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga o te wai whakapūhau, ka taea e tātou te whakarerekē i te kaha kawe hiko o te graphene. E whakaatu ana tēnei i tētahi atu huarahi hei whakahaere i ngā taputapu kawe hiko ā muri ake nei.
Te wā tuku: Hōngongoi-16-2021 
