Ina kite tātou i ngā hua i hangaia mai imuka karāhe, he maha ngā wā ka kitea noa iho e tātou tōna āhua me tōna whakamahinga, engari he onge te whakaaro: He aha te hanganga o roto o tēnei miro pango, mā rānei, angiangi? Ko ēnei hanganga iti kāore e kitea ana e hoatu ana ki te muka karāhe ōna āhuatanga ahurei, pērā i te kaha teitei, te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, me te ātete ki te waikura. I tēnei rā, ka rukuhia e tātou te "ao o roto" o te muka karāhe hei whakaatu i ngā mea ngaro o tōna hanganga.
Te Pūtake Makaro: "Te Tikanga Pōrearea" i te Taumata Atomika
Mai i te tirohanga ngota, ko te wāhanga matua o te muka karāhe ko te hauhā silicon (ko te nuinga he 50%-70% te taumaha), me ētahi atu huānga pēnei i te konupūmā waikura, te konupūmā waikura, me te konumohe waikura i tāpirihia hei whakatikatika i ōna āhuatanga. Ko te whakaritenga o ēnei ngota te mea e whakatau ana i ngā āhuatanga taketake o te muka karāhe.
He rerekē ki te "raupapa tawhiti" o ngā ngota i roto i ngā rauemi tioata (pērā i ngā konganuku, i ngā tioata kuata rānei), ko te whakaritenga ngota i roto i te muka karāhe e whakaatu ana"Te raupapa poto, te raruraru roa."Ki te kī ngāwari, i roto i tētahi rohe (i roto i te whānuitanga o ētahi ngota), ka honoa ia ngota silicon ki ngā ngota hāora e whā, ka hanga he rite ki te piramita"tetrahedron silica"hanganga. He whakaritenga ā-rohe tēnei. Heoi, i runga i te tauine nui ake, kāore ēnei tetrahedra silica e hanga i tētahi whatunga auau rite tonu ki te karaihe. Engari, ka honoa matapōkeretia, ka whakarārangihia i roto i te āhua koretake, he rite ki te puranga poraka hangahanga kua huihuia noatia, ka hanga he hanganga karāhe kore āhua.
Ko tēnei hanganga kore-āhua tētahi o ngā rerekētanga matua i waenganui imuka karāheme te karāhe noa. I te wā e whakamatao ana te karāhe noa, ka nui te wā o ngā ngota ki te hanga i ngā tioata iti, kua whakaritea i te rohe, ka nui ake te pakarukaru. He rerekē, ka hangaia te muka karāhe mā te totoro tere me te whakamatao i te karāhe rewa. Kāore he wā o ngā ngota ki te whakarite i a rātou anō i roto i te āhua raupapa, ā, ka "tio" i roto i tēnei āhua koretake, kore āhua. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei ngā hapa i ngā rohe tioata, ka taea ai e te muka te pupuri i ngā āhuatanga o te karāhe me te whiwhi i te pakari me te kaha kume.
Hanganga Monofilament: He Hinonga ōrite mai i te "Kiri" ki te "Upoko"
He maha ngā mea hanga o te muka karāhe e kitea ana e tātoungā monofilament, engari he hanganga katoa ia monofilament. Ko te whānui o te monofilament he 5-20 maikiromita (tata ki te 1/5 ki te 1/2 te whānui o te makawe tangata). He ōrite tōna hanganga"āhua porotaka totoka"kāore he paparanga e kitea ana. Heoi, mai i te tirohanga o te tohatoha hanganga moroiti, he rerekētanga iti o te "kiri-upoko".
I te wā e tāia ana, i te mea ka puta te karāhe rewa mai i ngā kōhao iti o te mīhini hurihuri, ka tere te whakamatao o te mata ina pā ki te hau, ka hanga he mea angiangi rawa."kiri"paparanga (tata ki te 0.1-0.5 maikiromita te matotoru). He tere ake te whakamatao o tēnei paparanga kiri i te paparanga o roto"uho."Nā reira, he paku teitei ake te ihirangi o te hauhā silicon i roto i te paparanga kiri i tō te uho, ā, he kikī ake te whakaritenga ngota me te iti ake o ngā hapa. Nā tēnei rerekētanga ngawari o te hanganga me te hanganga ka kaha ake te pakeke me te ātete ki te waikura o te mata o te monofilament i tō te uho. Ka whakaitihia hoki te tūponotanga o ngā pakaru o te mata—he maha ngā wā ka tīmata te pakaru o te rauemi me ngā hapa o te mata, ā, ka mahi tēnei kiri kikī hei "anga" tiaki mō te monofilament.
Haunga te rerekētanga ngawari o te kiri-matua, he kounga teiteimuka karāheHe tino ōrite te porowhita o te monofilament i roto i tōna wāhanga whakawhiti, me te hapa diameter e whakahaeretia ana ki roto i te 1 maikiromita. Mā tēnei hanganga āhuahanga ōrite ka whakarite kia ōrite te tohatoha o te ahotea puta noa i te wāhanga whakawhiti katoa ina pēhia te monofilament, ka ārai i te kukū ahotea i puta mai i ngā rerekētanga matotoru ā-rohe, ā, mā reira ka whakapai ake i te kaha kume whānui.
Hanganga Whakakotahi: Te Huinga Raupapa o te "Miro" me te "Kakahu"
Ahakoa he kaha ngā monofilaments, he tino angiangi rawa te whānui mō te whakamahi takitahi. Nō reira, ko te muka karāhe te nuinga o te wā kei roto i te āhua o te"rōpū,"te nuinga o te wā hei"miro muka karāhe"me"Kakahu muka karāhe."Ko tō rātou hanganga he hua o te huinga raupapa o ngā monofilaments.
He kohinga o ngā tekau ki ngā mano o ngā monofilaments te miro muka karāhe, he mea hanga e tētahi"te takahurihuri"te noho rānei"kāore i mirohia."Ko te miro kore-whiri he kohinga wetewete o ngā monofilaments whakarara, he hanganga māmā, e whakamahia ana mō te hanga huruhuru karāhe, muka tapatapahi, me ētahi atu. Ko te miro whiri, i tētahi atu ringa, ka hangaia mā te whiri i ngā monofilaments kia kotahi, ka hanga he hanganga porowhita e rite ana ki te miro miro. Ka whakanui ake tēnei hanganga i te kaha here i waenga i ngā monofilaments, ka ārai i te wetewete o te miro i raro i te taumahatanga, ka pai mō te raranga, te takai, me ētahi atu tikanga tukatuka. Ko te"tatau"o te miro (he tohu e tohu ana i te maha o ngā monofilaments, hei tauira, he miro tex 1200 e titoa ana i te 1200 monofilaments) me te"hurihuri"(te maha o ngā miro mō ia roa) e whakatau tika ana i te kaha o te miro, tōna ngāwari, me te mahi tukatuka i muri mai.
He hanganga rite ki te rau te papanga muka karāhe, he mea hanga mai i te miro muka karāhe mā te tukanga raranga. Ko ngā raranga matua e toru ko te miro ma, te miro twill, me te miro satin.Whatu maKa hangaia te papanga mā te whiriwhiti i ngā miro whenu me ngā miro whatu, ka hua ake he hanganga piripono me te iti o te uruhanga engari he rite te kaha, e pai ai hei rauemi turanga mō ngā rauemi hiato. I roto iwhatu twillKa whiria ngā miro papanga, miro whenu me te miro whatu ki te ōwehenga o te 2:1, 3:1 rānei, ka hangaia he tauira whakarara ki te mata. He ngāwari ake i te miro mania, ā, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia mō ngā hua e hiahia ana kia piko, kia hangaia rānei.Whatu satinhe iti ake ngā pūwāhi whiri, me ngā miro whenu, miro whatu rānei e hanga ana i ngā rārangi mānu tonu i runga i te mata. He ngawari tēnei whatu ki te pā, ā, he maeneene te mata, he pai mō ngā wāhanga whakapaipai, ngā wāhanga waku iti rānei.
Ahakoa he miro, he papanga rānei, ko te kaupapa matua o te hanganga tahi ko te whakatutuki i te whakarei ake i te mahi o"1+1>2"mā te huinga raupapa o ngā monofilaments. Ka whakaratohia e ngā monofilaments te kaha taketake, ko te hanganga whakakotahi ka hoatu ki te rauemi ngā momo āhua rerekē, te ngāwari, me te urutau tukatuka kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia rerekē, mai i te whakamarumaru wera ki te whakapakari hanganga.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-16-2025
