Ngā āhuatanga matua o te tukanga e pā ana ki te rewa o te karāhe

Ko ngā āhuatanga matua o te tukanga e pā ana ki te rewa o te karāhe ka horapa atu i tua atu i te wāhanga rewa tonu, nā te mea ka pāngia rātou e ngā āhuatanga o mua i te rewatanga pērā i te kounga o ngā rauemi mata, te maimoatanga me te whakahaere i ngā kōhao, ngā āhuatanga wahie, ngā rauemi ātete oumu, te pēhanga oumu, te āhuarangi, me te kōwhiringa o ngā mea whakakoi. Kei raro nei he tātari taipitopito o ēnei āhuatanga:

ⅠTe Whakarite Rauemi Mata me te Whakahaere Kounga

1. Te Hanganga Matū o te Puranga

SiO₂ me ngā Matū Ātete-Wero: Ko te nui o te SiO₂, Al₂O₃, ZrO₂, me ētahi atu matū ātete-wero e pā tika ana ki te tere rewa. Ko te nui ake o te nui ka whakanui ake i te pāmahana rewa e hiahiatia ana me te whakapaunga pūngao.

Ngā Waikura Konukura Kawakore (hei tauira, Na₂O, Li₂O): Whakaitihia te pāmahana rewa. Nā te iti o te radius ionic me te teitei o te irahiko, he tino whai hua te Li₂O, ā, ka taea te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te karāhe.

2. Maimoatanga-Mua Puranga

Whakahaere Makuku:

Makuku Tino Pai (3%~5%): Whakarei ake i te makuku me te tauhohenga, whakaiti i te puehu me te wehewehe;

Te makuku nui rawa: Ka puta he hapa pauna, ka roa ai te wā whakamātao.

Te Tohatoha Rahi o te Matūriki:

Ngā Matūriki Pakari Rawa: Ka whakaiti i te horahanga pa o te tauhohenga, ka roa ake te wā rewa;

Ngā Matūriki Kiko rawa atu: Ka hua ake te kohikohinga me te mimiti hiko, ka ārai i te rewa ōrite.

3. Whakahaere Cullet

Me ma te kongakonga paraoa, me kore he poke, ā, me rite te rahi ki te rahi o ngā matūriki o ngā rauemi mata hou kia kore ai e puta he mirumiru, he toenga rānei kāore anō kia rewa.

Tuarua. Hoahoa o te oumume ngā Āhuatanga Wahie

1. Kōwhiringa Rauemi Ātete

Ātete ki te horo i te pāmahana teitei: me whakamahi ngā pereki zirconium teitei me ngā pereki zirconium corundum hiko (AZS) ki te pakitara o te puna kaukau, te raro o te oumu me ētahi atu wāhi e pā ana ki te wai karāhe, kia iti ake ai ngā hapa kohatu i puta mai i te horo matū me te horoi.

Te pumau o te wera: Ātete ki ngā piki me ngā heke o te pāmahana, ā, karohia te pakaru o te mea pakari nā te ru wera.

2. Te Whai Hua o te Wahie me te Tahunga

Me ōrite te uara kaha o te wahie me te āhua o te mura (te whakahāora/te whakaiti) ki te hanganga o te karāhe. Hei tauira:

Hau Māori/Hinu Taumaha: Me whakahaere tika te ōwehenga hau-wahie kia kore ai e puta he toenga whanariki;

Te Rewa Hiko: He pai mō te whakarewa tino tika (hei tauira,karāhe whatu) engari he nui ake te pūngao e pau ana.

ⅢArotautanga Tawhā Tukanga Rewa

1. Whakahaere Pāmahana

Te Pāmahana Rewa (1450~1500℃): Mā te pikinga o te pāmahana 1℃ ka piki ake te tere rewa mā te 1%, engari ka piki rua te horonga ātete. Me taurite te whai huatanga me te roa o te ora o ngā taputapu.

Tohatoha Pāmahana: He mea nui te whakahaere i ngā nekehanga i roto i ngā rohe oumu rerekē (te rewa, te whakamātao, te whakamatao) hei karo i te wera nui o te rohe, i ngā toenga rānei kāore i rewa.

2. Te Āhua me te Pēhanga

Āhua Whakahāora: Ka whakatairanga i te pirau rauropi engari ka kaha ake te whakahāora whanariki;

Te Whakaiti i te Āhuarangi: Ka pehi i te tae Fe³+ (mō te karāhe kore tae) engari me karo i te whakatakotoranga waro;

Te Pūmautanga o te Pēhanga o te Oumu: Mā te pēhanga pai iti (+2~5 Pa) ka ārai i te urunga o te hau makariri, ā, ka āwhina i te tango i ngā mirumiru.

3. Ngā Kaihoko Whakamātautau me ngā Rere

Ngā Pūhaumāota (hei tauira, CaF₂): Whakaitihia te matotoru rewa, ā, whakatereterehia te tango i ngā mirumiru;

Ngā Nitrates (hei tauira, NaNO₃): Tukuna te hāora hei whakatairanga i te whakapoto waikura;

Ngā Āhuatanga Whakakotahi**: hei tauira, Li₂CO₃ + Na₂CO₃, he iti ake te pāmahana rewa e mahi tahi ana.

ⅣTe Aroturuki Hihiri o te Tukanga Rewa

1. Te Matatini Rewa me te Rerenga

Te aroturukitanga wā-tūturu mā te whakamahi i ngā mita viscometric hurihuri hei whakarerekē i ngā ōwehenga pāmahana, rerenga rānei mō ngā āhuatanga hanga tino pai.

2. Te Whai Hua o te Tango Mirumiru

Te mātakitaki i te tohatoha o ngā mirumiru mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga hihi-X, whakaahua rānei hei whakapai ake i te horopeta o te matū whakakoi me te pēhanga o te oumu.

ⅤNgā Take Noa me ngā Rautaki Whakapai Ake

Whakamutunga

Ko te rewa karāhe he hua o te mahi tahi a ngā rauemi mata, ngā taputapu, me ngā tawhā tukanga. Me whakahaere tupato te hoahoa hanganga matū, te arotau i te rahi o te matūriki, te whakapai ake i ngā rauemi ātete-wai, me te whakahaere i ngā tawhā tukanga hihiri. Mā te whakatikatika pūtaiao i ngā rerenga, te whakaū i te taiao rewa (pāmahana/pēhanga/hauātea), me te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakakoi whai hua, ka taea te whakapai ake i te pai o te rewa me te kounga karāhe, me te whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao me ngā utu whakaputa.