I roto i ngā tau e rua kua pahure ake nei, nā te whanaketanga hangarau o ngā rauemi tiaki wera mō ngā pākahiko hiko hou, kua piki haere te hiahia o ngā kiritaki ki te mahi whakamahana ake me te ātete ki te tango i ngā mea mai i te ahi—he āhuatanga matua mō te tū atu ki te pānga o te mura.
Hei tauira, ko ētahi tono e hiahia ana kia 1200°C te pāmahana tango mura o mua, me te pupuri tonu i te pāmahana o muri i raro i te 300°C. I roto i ngā rauemi rererangi, ko te tango mura acetylene o mua i te 3000°C e hiahia ana kia 150°C te pāmahana o muri. Ko te tino wero ko te pikinga ake o te tono mō te mahi pēhi i roto i te pahuka silicone uku, e hiahia ana kia iti te huinga pēhi me te pupuri pai i te whakamahana wera i ngā pāmahana teitei. Ka whakaatuhia e ēnei rauemi ngā tono whakamahana wera hou mō te hangarau uku.
Ngā whakaritenga mahi motuhake (hei tohutoro anake):
Whakamahanahia te tauira ki runga i tētahi papa whakamahana e whakaaturia ana i raro nei. Kia mau tonu te mata wera ki te 600 ± 25 °C mō ngā meneti 10. Whakamahia he ahotea o te 0.8±0.05 MPa i te pāmahana whakamātautau, me te whakarite kia noho tonu te pāmahana o te mata o muri i raro i te 200°C.
I tēnei rā, ka whakarāpopototia e mātou ēnei kōrero hei tirohanga māu.
1. Konupūmā Silicate Hangaia – Whakakī Ma Whakamarumaru Wera
E rua ngā āhua o te silicate konupūmā hangai: he hanganga porowhita/pūwero, me ngā hanganga muka rite ki te muka uku. Ahakoa ngā rerekētanga o te hanganga me te āhua, he pai rawa atu ēnei hei whakakī whakamahana wera ātete ki te pāmahana teitei.
He mea hangai ki te taiao te muka konupūmā silicate hangai, ā,rauemi whakamahana haumarume te ātete pāmahana teitei tae atu ki te 1200-1260°C. Ka taea te whakamahi i te paura muka konupūmā silicate hangai kua tukatukahia motuhake hei rauemi whakakaha muka mō te whakamarumaru pāmahana teitei.
Ko te silicate konupūmā porowhita hangai, porowhita rānei, he mā te tae, he ngāwari ki te whakauru, he hanganga nanoporous whai rawa, he tino teitei ngā uara mimiti hinu (tae atu ki te 400, neke atu rānei), ā, kāore he pōro para, he matūriki nui rānei. Kua whakamātauhia ngā whakamahinga i roto i te whakamarumaru ātete pāmahana teitei me ngā panera ātete ahi, e whakaatu ana i te whaihua mō te whakauru ki roto i ngā rauemi ātete-whakakore uku hei whakarato whakamarumaru pāmahana teitei.
Ko ētahi atu whakamahinga ko: ngā tāpiringa wai paura, ngā paninga paura whakamahana pāmahana teitei, ngā kawe mimiti hinu kakara, ngā kaihoko ārai-maturuturu, ngā rauemi waku papa parai, te rapa silicone pēhanga iti me te hinu silicone pirau-ake, ngā whakakī pepa, me ētahi atu.
2. Konupora Ārai Paparua– Te Ārai Wera me te Ātete ki te Mahana-Tiketike
Me whakapūkara tēnei kohuke silicate i te pāmahana teitei, ā, ka taea te ātete ki te 1200°C. He mea hanga te nuinga mai i te silicate konupora konumohe, ā, he hanganga paparanga matotoru tōna e whakarato ana i te kaha piri, te ātete wai pai rawa atu, te roa o te ātete ki te wera, me te utu nui.
Ko ōna mahi matua ko te whakamarumaru pāmahana teitei, te whakaiti i te mātotoru, te whakarei ake i te ātete ki te mura, me te whakapai ake i te ātete ki te tango me te whakamarumaru wera mō ngā paparanga waro me ngā anga. Kei roto i ngā tono ko ngā rauemi whakamarumaru uku, ngā paninga ātete ahi kounga teitei, ngā rauemi whakamarumaru ātete ki te mura, me ngā rauemi whakamarumaru wera ātete ki te tango.
3. Ngā Porowhita Uku – Ātete ki te Pāmahana Teitei, Ārai Wera, Kaha Pēhi
He tino pai ngā porowhita karāhe tuwhera, engari kāore e ranea te ātete ki te pāmahana. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakangawaritia te 650-800°C, ā, ko te pāmahana rewa i te 1200-1300°C. Nā tēnei ka whakawhāitihia te whakamahinga ki ngā āhuatanga whakangawari pāmahana iti. I raro i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei ake pērā i te ātete ki te uku me te ātete ki te tango, ka kore e whai hua.
Mā ā mātou porowhita uku tuwhera tēnei raruraru e whakatau. He mea hanga ki te aluminosilicate te nuinga, ā, he ātete pāmahana teitei, he whakamarumaru wera tino pai, he ātete wera nui, ā, he ātete pakaru pai rawa atu. Kei roto i ngā whakamahinga ko ngā tāpiringa uku silicone, ngā rauemi whakamarumaru ātete wera, ngā tāpiringa pāmahana teitei mō ngā kapia waro, me ngā tāpiringa rapa ātete pāmahana teitei. Ko ngā rāngai matua ko te rererangi, te tūhuratanga moana hohonu, ngā rauemi hiato, ngā paninga, te whakamarumaru ātete wera, te umanga hinu, me ngā rauemi whakamarumaru.
He paura porowhita tuwhera tēnei e ātete ana ki te wera, he tino ngāwari ki te whakauru (he rerekē i ngā porowhita karāhe tuwhera, e hiahia ana kia mararahia i mua, kia whakarerekētia rānei kia tika ai te tāpiri) ā, he tino ātete ki te pakaru. Ko tōna āhuatanga motuhake ko te mea he rauemi tuwhera-mata e kore e mānu i runga i te wai, he mea ngāwari ki te whakamātotoru me te tau.
Hei tāpiritanga, he kōrero poto mōpaura aerogel—he rauemi whakamarumaru silica porous hangai. E mōhiotia whānuitia ana te Aerogel hei ārai wera pai rawa atu, e wātea ana i roto i ngā momo hydrophobic/hydrophilic. Mā tēnei ka taea te whiriwhiri i ngā tikanga maimoatanga tika i runga i ngā papa kapia, e aro ana ki ngā wero o te paura aerogel o te marara tino māmā me te whakapai ake i tōna marara. Kei te wātea hoki ngā whakapiri aerogel wai-wai hei whakauru ngāwari ki roto i ngā pūnaha wai.
Mā ngā āhuatanga motuhake o te paura aerogel e āhei ai te whakamahi i roto i: – Ngā kaikawe tāpiri rapa me te kirihou – Ngā rauemi whakamahana mō ngā pākahiko hiko hou – Ngā paninga whakamahana whare – Ngā muka kakahu whakamahana – Ngā panera whakamahana whare – Ngā paninga whakamahana ātete ahi – Ngā piripiri whakamahana.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-22-2025
